Attala

Saint Attala (also given in Latin sources as Attalus) was a Burgundian monk of the early seventh century who became the second abbot of Bobbio in northern Italy and the principal heir of Saint Columbanus in that house. No contemporary text records the year or the precise locality of his birth. He is described as coming from a family of standing in Burgundy and as having entered, while still a young man, the monastery of Luxeuil in the Vosges, the chief Frankish foundation of the Irish abbot Columbanus. There he was trained in the severe Columbanian rule, with its emphasis on penitential tariff, liturgical regularity, and obedience, and he became one of the founder’s trusted disciples.

When conflict with the Merovingian court of Theuderic II and Brunhild led to Columbanus’s expulsion from Luxeuil in the early seventh century, Attala was among the monks who accompanied their abbot into exile rather than remain under a royal nominee. After a difficult interval in the Alpine region around Bregenz, the group was received in the Lombard kingdom by King Agilulf and Queen Theodelinda. Land in the Trebbia valley was granted for a new monastery, traditionally dated to about 614, which became Bobbio. Attala took part in the planting of this community, which soon served as a bridge among Irish, Frankish, and Lombard monastic cultures and as a centre of learning and manuscript production on the edge of Byzantine Italy.

Columbanus died on 23 November 615, and Attala succeeded him as abbot. The fullest early account of his government is that of Jonas of Bobbio, who wrote within a generation and devoted a substantial section of his work on Columbanus and his disciples to Attala. Jonas presents him as a firm upholder of the founder’s discipline. A number of monks, unwilling to accept that austerity, abandoned the house; some later returned and were received back. Jonas also records that the burden of refractory brethren led Attala at one point to contemplate withdrawal to a more solitary life, but that he remained in office. Under his abbacy Bobbio was consolidated as a stable Columbanian monastery, retaining the Irish-Frankish customs of its founder while taking root in Lombard Italy.

Attala died at Bobbio on 10 March 627 and was buried at the abbey, later associated with the basilica of San Colombano, where the tombs of Columbanus and his first successors were venerated. Miracles were reported at his grave, and a cult developed in the monastery and in related Columbanian houses. The Roman Martyrology commemorates him on 10 March as abbot of Bobbio and disciple of Saint Columbanus. His recognition as a saint belongs to the pre-congregational period of local monastic and episcopal cult, later accepted in the wider Latin Church; no medieval papal bull of canonization is attached to his name. Surviving sources do not assign him a developed list of patronages of trades, illnesses, or places beyond his historic association with Bobbio itself.