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Biography

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Dominic Huyện (Vietnamese: Đaminh Huyện) was a nineteenth-century Vietnamese Catholic layman who died as a martyr. He was born in 1817 in the village of Đông Thành, in the Xuân Trường area of Nam Định province in the Red River Delta of northern Vietnam. At that period the region formed part of the Nguyễn dynasty kingdom commonly called Đại Nam. Huyện earned his living as a fisherman. Catholic biographical notices state that he married and that he and his wife had children; some Vietnamese hagiographical summaries specify five children. He belonged to the Catholic community of eastern Tonkin, a region long served by Spanish Dominican missionaries, though surviving notices do not clearly establish whether he was enrolled in the Dominican Third Order.

In the late 1850s and early 1860s Emperor Tự Đức renewed and intensified edicts against Christianity. Local mandarins in Nam Định were ordered to identify and punish those who refused to recant. Dominic Huyện was arrested in the course of this campaign, in 1861 or early 1862, because he would not abandon the Catholic faith. He was held in prison at Nam Định and subjected to the tortures customarily used to obtain apostasy, including beatings and pressure to trample a crucifix. Surviving accounts, which are brief, present him as remaining constant under interrogation.

On 5 June 1862 he was executed by beheading at Nam Định. He was about forty-five years of age. His martyrdom occurred amid a cluster of executions of priests, catechists, and laypeople in the same province that year. After his death, local Catholics preserved his memory as one of the faithful who had preferred death to denial of Christ. The precise place of his burial is not recorded in the standard notices.

Relatively few personal details about Dominic Huyện have been transmitted beyond his occupation, family status, place of origin, and the circumstances of his trial and death. The names of his wife and children are not preserved in the usual hagiographical summaries. He was beatified by Pope Pius X on 2 May 1909 as one of a group of martyrs of the Tự Đức persecution. On 19 June 1988 Pope John Paul II canonized him in Saint Peter's Square together with one hundred and sixteen other Vietnamese martyrs, collectively known as Saint Andrew Dũng-Lạc and Companions. The Roman Catholic Church commemorates the group on 24 November. No distinct individual patronages are widely attached to him apart from his share in the collective cult of the Vietnamese martyrs.

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