Suggest an Edit — María Ángeles de San José

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Biography

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María Ángeles de San José, born Marciana Valtierra Tordesillas, was a Spanish Discalced Carmelite nun and martyr of the twentieth century. She was born on 6 March 1905 in Getafe, in the Community of Madrid, Spain. Raised in a Catholic family in the early decades of the century, she discerned a vocation to contemplative religious life. In 1929 she entered the monastery of the Discalced Carmelite nuns of San José in Guadalajara and received the religious name María Ángeles de San José.

In Carmel she followed the Teresian reform: a hidden life of liturgical prayer, silence, enclosure, and work according to the Rule associated with Saint Teresa of Ávila and Saint John of the Cross. She lived in community with, among others, María Pilar de San Francisco de Borja and Teresa del Niño Jesús y de San Juan de la Cruz. Surviving accounts present her years in the cloister as those of ordinary fidelity rather than of widely recorded mystical phenomena or public ministry; she is known primarily through the circumstances of her death and the subsequent cult of the three Guadalajara Carmelites.

The Spanish Civil War began in July 1936 and brought intense anticlerical violence in Republican-held territory. Religious communities were expelled from their houses. The Guadalajara Carmelites left their monastery and took refuge in private lodgings. On 24 July 1936 María Ángeles de San José and her two companions were seized by militiamen, taken from the city, and shot because they were consecrated religious. She was thirty-one years old. The Church later judged the killings to have been carried out in odium fidei.

Pope John Paul II beatified María Ángeles de San José, María Pilar de San Francisco de Borja, and Teresa del Niño Jesús on 29 March 1987. They were among the first martyrs of the Spanish Civil War raised to the honors of the altar. Their memorial is kept on 24 July, especially in the Order of Discalced Carmelites and in the Diocese of Sigüenza-Guadalajara. They have not been canonized. Historical sources for her interior life and childhood remain limited; she is documented chiefly as one of three cloistered nuns killed together at the outset of the persecution.

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