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Matthew Lê Văn Gẫm (Vietnamese: Matthêu Lê Văn Gẫm) was a nineteenth-century Vietnamese Catholic layman and martyr. He was born in 1813 in the village of Bãi Xan, in the Gò Công region of Cochinchina in southern Vietnam, then under the Nguyễn dynasty. He became a merchant and boat owner, working the waterways of the Mekong Delta. In an era when Christianity was subject to repeated royal edicts of prohibition, his commercial standing and vessels placed him in a position to aid the underground Church, which he did at growing personal risk.

During the persecutions associated with the reign of Emperor Thiệu Trị (1841–1847), foreign missionaries and native clergy were hunted, and movement between hiding places was extremely dangerous. Lê Văn Gẫm used his boats to transport priests, missionaries, and seminarians in secret, thereby helping to keep sacramental life and pastoral care alive in the south. This ferrying of clergy made him an important lay collaborator in the clandestine Catholic network. His activities eventually drew the attention of the authorities.

He was arrested for assisting missionaries and for his Christian faith. After imprisonment he refused to recant or to perform the customary act of trampling the cross. He was condemned to death and beheaded on 11 May 1847 at Chợ Đũi, in the Gia Định area near Saigon. His death belongs to the wider wave of anti-Christian violence in nineteenth-century Vietnam that later formed the historical core of the group known as the Vietnamese Martyrs.

Lê Văn Gẫm was beatified on 27 May 1900 by Pope Leo XIII among a large group of Vietnamese martyrs, and was canonized on 19 June 1988 in Rome by Pope John Paul II together with 116 companions. In the General Roman Calendar he is commemorated with St Andrew Dũng-Lạc and the other Vietnamese Martyrs on 24 November. He is remembered as a lay merchant who used his trade and his boats to sustain the Church under persecution and who accepted death rather than deny the faith.

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