Maurice Tornay

Maurice Tornay was born on 31 August 1910 in the hamlet of La Rosière, in the municipality of Orsières in the Swiss canton of Valais. He was the seventh of eight children of Jean-Joseph Tornay and Faustina Dossier and grew up in a Catholic farming household of the Entremont valley, close to the Great Saint Bernard Pass. The religious life of that Alpine region had long been shaped by the Canons Regular who staffed the hospice on the pass. After studies at the college of the Abbey of Saint-Maurice, he entered the novitiate of the Canons Regular of Saints Nicholas and Bernard of Mont-Joux (the Canons of the Great Saint Bernard) in 1931. He made his religious profession in 1935 and was ordained to the priesthood on 17 June 1938.

From early in his religious life he asked to join the congregation’s recently founded mission on the Sino-Tibetan frontier. In the 1930s the Canons of the Great Saint Bernard had accepted missionary work in the mountainous northwest of Yunnan and had taken charge of the parish of Yerkalo (Yanjing), a village of Tibetan-speaking Catholics on the Tibetan side of the border, then the only Catholic parish inside Tibet. Tornay left Europe for the Far East in 1939. After language study and several years of ministry in Chinese mission stations, he was appointed parish priest of Yerkalo in 1945, in the closing phase of the Second World War and amid the Chinese civil war.

In Yerkalo he served a modest community of Tibetan converts, celebrating the sacraments and trying to sustain a Catholic presence that local Buddhist monastic authorities regarded as illegitimate. Tensions rose quickly. In 1946, men acting on behalf of nearby lamas expelled him from the village, occupied the church and mission buildings, and put pressure on the Catholic families. Forced back into Chinese-administered territory, he continued to care for displaced parishioners and repeatedly sought, through ecclesiastical and civil channels, the restoration of the mission and freedom of worship for his people.

In 1949, seeing no other recourse, he set out toward Lhasa in the hope of appealing directly to the Tibetan authorities. He was not allowed to reach the capital and began the return journey. On 11 August 1949, near the Choula pass on the Tibetan-Chinese border, an armed party ambushed him and shot him dead. He was thirty-eight years old. The Holy See later recognized the killing as martyrdom suffered in hatred of the faith. Pope John Paul II beatified Maurice Tornay on 16 May 1993 in Saint Peter’s Square. His memory is kept especially by the Canons of the Great Saint Bernard, in the Diocese of Sion in Switzerland, and among the Catholic communities of the upper Mekong region.