Q4166990

Daniil Savvich Tuptalo, later known as Saint Demetrius of Rostov, was born in 1651 into a Cossack family in the town of Makariv in the Kiev region of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. His father Savva Grigorievich Tuptalo served as a sotnik in the Cossack host. The family was pious though of modest means. Daniil showed intellectual promise and was educated at the Kiev-Mohyla Collegium, the principal Orthodox academy of Eastern Europe in the seventeenth century, where he studied Latin, Greek, Polish, rhetoric, poetics, and theology. In 1668, at about seventeen years of age, he received the monastic tonsure at the Monastery of Saint Cyril near Kiev and took the name Dimitry. He was ordained hierodeacon shortly afterward and hieromonk in the mid-1670s.

For more than two decades he served as preacher and superior in a succession of monasteries across Left-Bank Ukraine, Belarus, and Lithuania, including houses in Chernihiv, Novhorod-Siverskyi, and Baturyn. During this period he began the labor that would occupy him for over twenty years: the compilation of the Chet’i-Minei, a twelve-volume menologion of saints’ lives arranged according to the church calendar. He drew on the earlier Great Menaion of Metropolitan Macarius, Greek synaxaria, Latin hagiographical collections, and Slavic sources, producing what became the standard hagiographical corpus of the Russian Church. He also gained a reputation as an eloquent preacher.

In 1701 Tsar Peter I summoned him to Moscow. Dimitry was consecrated a bishop and first named Metropolitan of Siberia, but poor health prevented him from traveling to Tobolsk. In 1702 he was instead appointed Metropolitan of Rostov and Yaroslavl. In Rostov he found an uneducated clergy, widespread ignorance, and active Old Believer communities. He founded a Slavic-Greek-Latin school for the sons of priests, wrote extensive anti-schismatic works (notably the Rozysk o raskol’nicheskoi brynskoi vere), completed the Menologion in 1705, and composed sermons, liturgical offices, historical notes, and moral school dramas. Despite his rank he lived with marked personal austerity, sleeping on boards, eating sparingly, and distributing his income to the poor.

Metropolitan Dimitry died on 28 October 1709 after a short illness and was buried in the cathedral of the Rostov Kremlin. In 1752, during repairs, his relics were found incorrupt, an event that greatly increased his local veneration. The Russian Orthodox Church formally glorified him as a saint in 1757. He is commemorated on 28 October (the day of his repose) and 21 September (the uncovering of the relics). His Menologion shaped Orthodox liturgical reading and popular piety for centuries, and he is remembered as one of the outstanding hierarchs, preachers, and hagiographers of the Russian Church.