Suggest an Edit — Quintian of Rodez

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Biography

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Saint Quintian, also known as Quintianus, Quinctianus, or Quintien, was a Catholic bishop in early sixth-century Gaul who held in succession the sees of Rodez in Rouergue and Clermont in Auvergne. The principal witness to his life is Gregory of Tours, who treated him in the Histories and in the Life of the Fathers. Gregory states that Quintian was a native of Africa who came to Gaul, almost certainly as a refugee from Vandal rule and the associated pressure on Nicene Christians in the former Roman provinces of North Africa. Nothing reliable is known of his parentage, the precise place of his birth, or the date of his arrival. In Rouergue he entered the clergy and was eventually chosen bishop of Rodez (Ruthena).

As bishop of Rodez he lived under the Visigothic kingdom, whose rulers were Arians. Gregory reports that the inhabitants of Rodez accused Quintian of wishing to hand their city over to the Franks. He was expelled from his see and took refuge in Auvergne. While still connected with Rodez he is generally identified with the Quintianus who subscribed the acts of the Council of Agde in 506. After his expulsion he was received by the church of Clermont. When Bishop Euphrasius of Clermont died, around 515, the clergy and people elected Quintian to succeed him. The election was contested by local aristocratic interests, but King Theuderic I of the Franks confirmed him in the bishopric.

Gregory portrays Quintian’s episcopate at Clermont as marked by personal austerity, care for the poor, and a reputation for miraculous intercession. He describes the bishop as already old and physically weak, yet still active in governing the church and in defending his city by prayer when Frankish armies threatened Auvergne. Anecdotes preserved by Gregory include healings and prophetic words. These stories belong to the hagiographical tradition of the sixth century and cannot be independently verified, but they attest to a local cult that had formed within a generation of Quintian’s death.

Quintian died at Clermont in the mid-520s; later notices commonly give about 525. Martyrologies assign his death to 13 November, which became his feast day in the Roman Martyrology and in the dioceses of Rodez and Clermont. He was succeeded at Clermont by Saint Gallus, an uncle of Gregory of Tours. No contemporary inscription or securely identified tomb survives, and details of his burial are not recorded with certainty. His cult remained essentially regional. Because the only substantial narrative is Gregory’s, written decades after the events, many particulars of Quintian’s early life, the exact chronology of his expulsion from Rodez, and the precise year of his death cannot be established with precision.

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