Roger le Fort

Roger le Fort, known in Latin as Rogerius Fortis, was a fourteenth-century French prelate of the secular clergy who served as bishop of Orléans, bishop of Limoges, and archbishop of Bourges. He belonged to a noble family associated with the Limousin in central France; later hagiographical notices sometimes place his origins at Les Angles near Avignon. Neither the precise year nor the exact place of his birth is established beyond doubt in surviving sources, though he was born in the later thirteenth century. He received a legal education and became a doctor of both civil and canon law, after which he held a canonry in the cathedral chapter of Bourges before his elevation to the episcopate.

He was provided to the see of Orléans in the early 1320s and was translated in 1328 to Limoges, a diocese lying in the region with which his family was connected. In 1343 he was promoted to the metropolitan archbishopric of Bourges, one of the principal sees of the French kingdom, which he occupied until his death about a quarter of a century later. His long tenure at Bourges coincided with the opening decades of the Hundred Years’ War and with the arrival of the Black Death in the mid-fourteenth century. Those disasters, and the social and economic strain they produced in Berry and the surrounding lands, formed the background of his pastoral government.

Local tradition at Bourges remembered him as a bishop of marked charity and personal austerity. He is credited with generous care for the poor and the sick, with support for hospitals and other works of mercy, and with attention to clerical discipline and the spiritual welfare of his diocese amid war and epidemic. He died at Bourges on 1 January 1368 and was buried in his metropolitan church, the cathedral of Saint-Étienne.

A cult of veneration developed after his death and was maintained in the diocese. In the nineteenth century Pope Pius IX confirmed this immemorial cultus, and Roger le Fort is honored as Blessed in the Catholic Church. His liturgical commemoration is associated with the anniversary of his death, 1 January. He was not a member of a religious order, did not marry, and never occupied the papacy or a patriarchal see; his career was that of a university-trained secular bishop and metropolitan in late medieval France. No extensive or firmly documented list of particular patronages is attached to his name in reliable historical sources.