Suggest an Edit — Saint Germaine

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Biography

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Saint Germaine Cousin, also known as Germaine of Pibrac, was born in 1579 in the village of Pibrac, about fifteen kilometres from Toulouse in southern France. Her father, Laurent Cousin, worked the land; her mother, Marie Laroche, died while Germaine was still an infant. From birth she suffered from scrofula, a tuberculous affliction of the lymph glands that left sores on her neck, and she had a deformed or withered right hand. After her mother's death her father remarried. Contemporary depositions and later hagiography agree that the stepmother treated the child with marked cruelty: Germaine was made to sleep in a stable or under a stairway, was fed on scraps, and was sent out in all weathers to tend the family's sheep. Neighbours later testified to this harsh household regime when her cause was examined.

Despite illness, deformity, and neglect, Germaine became known in the village for piety and charity. She attended daily Mass whenever she could, leaving her flock in the fields; according to the tradition recorded in her process, the sheep remained unharmed in her absence. She shared what little bread she had with beggars and was said to have taught the catechism to village children. She lived as a lay shepherdess, not as a member of any religious order, and never married. The most frequently repeated episode of her legend holds that her stepmother accused her of stealing household bread to give to the poor; when Germaine opened her apron it was found to contain flowers, though the season was winter. Another story claims that the waters of a swollen stream parted so that she could reach the church. Such accounts, whether strictly historical or shaped by later devotion, formed the core of her popular cult and were cited in the inquiries of the seventeenth and nineteenth centuries.

Germaine died in 1601, at about twenty-two years of age, and was found lifeless in the place where she usually slept in the stable. She was buried in the parish church of Pibrac. In 1644, when a grave was being opened for a relative, her body was accidentally uncovered and was reported to be incorrupt. The discovery stimulated local veneration. Further examinations of the remains, and a growing number of reported favours, kept her memory alive in the Toulouse region through the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, even while her cause proceeded slowly.

In the nineteenth century devotion to Germaine spread more widely in France and beyond. She was beatified by Pope Pius IX on 7 May 1854 and canonized by the same pope on 29 June 1867. Her feast is kept on 15 June. She is invoked as a patron of abandoned people, victims of abuse (including child abuse), the disabled and those with physical deformities, shepherdesses, the sick, people living in poverty, those who have lost parents, and young country girls. Her relics remain at Pibrac, which became a place of pilgrimage after her canonization. The historical record of her short life is thin outside the acts of her cause and local tradition, but the outline of a neglected, disabled peasant girl of late sixteenth-century Languedoc, noted for Mass, almsgiving, and endurance, is consistent across the principal Catholic sources.

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